Ikoranabuhanga|inganda nshya|Mutarama 8.2025
1. Incamake y'impeta zitwara abantu
1.1 ibisobanuro
Impeta zitwara abantu, zizwi kandi ku mpeta zabakoranye, kuzunguruka amashanyarazi, impeta ya Slip, n'ibindi, ni ibintu by'ingenzi bya electromenical zigize ingufu z'amashanyarazi n'ibimenyetso hagati y'uburyo bubiri bwo kuzunguruka. Mu murima nyinshi, iyo ibikoresho bifite icyerekezo kiboroga kandi gikeneye gukomeza kwandura imbaraga n'ibimenyetso bihamye, impeta zitwara abantu ziba ikintu cyingenzi. Ihagarika imipaka yubusahuza gakondo muguzunguruka, yemerera ibikoresho kuzunguruka dogere 360 nta mbogamizi zibuza, kwirinda ibibazo nkicyiciro cyinsinga no kugoreka. Bikoreshwa cyane muri aerospace, aiture yinganda, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, ingufu zamashanyarazi, igenzura ryumutekano, gushinga ingwate zitandukanye kuri sisitemu zidasanzwe zo kugera kubikorwa byinshi, ubushishozi-buke cyane, kandi buhoraho, kandi buhoraho, kandi buhoraho, kandi buhoraho, kandi bukomeza kugenda. Irashobora kwitwa "ikigo cyimiterere" cyibikoresho bigezweho byubwenge.
1.2 Ihame ry'akazi
Ihame ryibanze ryimpeta zitwara neza rishingiye kuri tekinoroji yubushakashatsi. Bigizwe ahanini nibice bibiri: Gukaraba no kunyereza kunyerera. Igice cyimpeta cyashyizwe kumurongo uzunguruka no kuzunguruka hamwe nigiti, mugihe brush igendanwa yagenwe mugice gihagaze kandi arimo guhura cyane nimpeta ya slip. Iyo ikigezweho cyangwa ikimenyetso gikeneye koherezwa hagati yimiterere n'ibice bihamye, imiyoboro ihamye yakozwe binyuze mu guhuza neza hagati yo guswera neza hamwe no kunyerera kugirango wubake loop iriho. Mugihe ibikoresho bizunguruka, impeta ya slip ikomeje kuzunguruka, hamwe nuburyo bwo gutumanaho hagati ya brush igenda kandi impeta ya slip ikomeza guhinduka. Ariko, kubera umuvuduko ukabije wa brush nigishushanyo mbonera cyumvikana, bombi bahora bakomeza umubano mwiza, kureba niba ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi, bityo ibimenyetso byamakuru, nibindi bishobora kugeraho amashanyarazi adasanzwe imikoranire yumubiri uzunguruka mugihe cyo kugenda.
1.3 Ibihimbano
Imiterere yimpeta zitwara neza cyane ikubiyemo ibice byingenzi nko kunyerera, brush ya mane, abacatamu na rotor. Impeta kunyerera mubisanzwe zikozwe mubikoresho bifite imitungo itwara neza, nkicyuma cyiza cyane nkumuringa, ifeza, na zahabu, ariko nanone bishobora kwambara neza, ahubwo ni ugushaka kurwanya ruswa hamwe no kuzenguruka igihe kirekire hamwe nibidukikije bigoye. Gukaraba bigenda bikozwe ahanini ibyuma byagaciro cyangwa ibishushanyo nibindi bikoresho hamwe nu muyoboro mwiza no kwihisha. Bari muburyo bwihariye (nka "II") kandi bafite ibibazo bibiri-bihurira na Cheove yimpeta yimpeta. Hifashishijwe igitutu cya elastike ya brush, bihuza impeta kuburyo kugirango ugere ku kwanduza neza ibimenyetso n'imigezi. Ucator nigice gihagaze, gihuza imbaraga zukuri bwibikoresho kandi zitanga inkunga ihamye kuri brush igendanwa; Rotor nigice kizunguruka, gihujwe nuburyo bwo kuzunguruka ibikoresho kandi bizunguruka hamwe nabyo, gutwara impeta ya slip kugirango izungurura. Byongeye kandi, hakubiyemo kandi ibice bifasha nkibikoresho byo kwigarurira, ibikoresho bifatika, bifatika, ibimenyetso, hamwe numukungugu. Ibikoresho byo kwigarurira bikoreshwa mugutandukanya inzira zitandukanye zigenda zitera imirongo ngufi; Ibikoresho bifatika byerekana ko igororoka rihamye hagati yibice; Udukoryo twahujwe twitwaje ibice bitandukanye kugirango tumenye imbaraga rusange; Ibikoresho byuburinganiza bigabanya kurwanya amakimbirane yo kuzunguruka no kunonosora ukuri no kwihige; Umukungugu uhagarika umukungugu, ubushuhe nubundi ntamwamburo rwo gutera, kandi urinde ibice byuruhererekane imbere. Buri gice cyuzuzanya kugirango habeho imikorere ihamye kandi yizewe yimpeta.
2. Ibyiza nibiranga kunyerera kunyerera
2.1 Kwiyegurira Imbaraga
Muburyo bwo gukomeza kuzunguruka ibikoresho, kunyerera kunyerera byerekana imbaraga zidasanzwe. Ugereranije nuburyo uduce gakondo uhuza insinga, mugihe ibikoresho bizunguruka, insinga zisanzwe ziroroshye kwizirika no kurimbuka, zizasenya kwanduza imirongo, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubikorwa byibikoresho. Impeta itwara neza yubaka inzira yizewe binyuze mumibonano neza hagati ya brush hamwe na crush nimpeta ya slip, ishobora kwemeza uburyo buhoraho kandi buhamye kuburyo butere. Kurugero, mumuyaga wumuyaga, ingurube zizunguruka kumuvuduko mwinshi hamwe numuyaga, kandi umuvuduko urashobora kugera ku birenga icumi kumunota cyangwa hejuru. Amabuye akeneye guhora ahindura ingufu z'umuyaga mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi kandi ikayishyikiriza grid. Impeta yo kunyerera yashyizwe mu kabari ifite ubushobozi buhamye bwo kwandura kugirango yemeze ko mugihe cyo kuzunguruka burundu , kwirinda guhagarika imbaraga zatewe nibibazo byumurongo, utezimbere cyane kwizerwa nuburyo bwo gutuza imbaraga za sisitemu yigisekuru cyumuyaga, kandi bigashira urufatiro rwingufu zikomeza.
2.2 Igishushanyo Cyiza hamwe no Kwishyiriraho Byoroshye
Impeta ya slip itwara neza ifite igishushanyo mbonera kandi cyiza, kandi gifite ibyiza byingenzi mu gukoresha umwanya. Nkuko ibikoresho bigezweho bitera imbere kugirango ukore minoururusation no kwishyira hamwe, umwanya wimbere uhinduka agaciro. Guhuza gakondo gakondo bifata umwanya munini kandi birashobora kandi gutera ikibazo cyo kwivanga umurongo. Kunyerera kunyerera bihuza inzira nyinshi zo guterana mumiterere yikintu, kugabanya neza ibintu byimbere byibikoresho. Fata kamera zubwenge nkurugero. Bakeneye kuzunguruka dogere 360 kugirango bafate amashusho kandi bahindure ibimenyetso bya videwo, kugenzura ibimenyetso nimbaraga icyarimwe. Niba insinga isanzwe ikoreshwa, imirongo iratangaje kandi byoroshye guhagarikwa ku mpungenge. Yubatswe muri micro itwara neza kunyerera, mubisanzwe ni santimetero nkeya gusa muri diameter, irashobora guhuza ibiciro byinshi. Iyo kamera izunguruka muburyo bworoshye, imirongo isanzwe kandi yoroshye gushiraho. Birashobora guhuzwa byoroshye mumazu magufi, ntabwo yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa, ahubwo binatuma ibikoresho rusange byoroshye muburyo bwo kugaragara no guhuza ubunini. Biroroshye kwinjiza no kohereza muburyo butandukanye bwo gukurikirana, nka kamera ya PTZ kubakurikirana neza hamwe na kamera za panoramic kumazu yubwenge. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, mu murima wa Drone, kugirango ugere ku mikorere yo guhindura imitekerereze, ikwirakwizwa ry'indege, kunyerera ku buryo bwo kunyerera, kunyerera kunyerera kugirango ugere ku bimenyetso byinshi kandi bikagabanya uburemere mugihe cyemewe Imikorere yindege, no kunoza imiterere n'imikorere yimikorere y'ibikoresho.
2.3 Kwambara Kurwanya, kurwanya ruswa nubushyuhe bwinshi
Guhura nibidukikije byakazi bigoye kandi bikaze, kunyerera kunyerera bifite kwihanganira ibintu bidasanzwe nibikoresho byihariye nubukorikori buhebuje. Kubijyanye no gutoranya ibintu, kunyerera ahanini bikozwe mu ibyuma birwanya ibyuma byambara, nka zahabu, ifeza, platine alloys cyangwa yafashwe byihariye y'umuringa. Gukaraba bikozwe mubikoresho bishingiye ku gishushanyo cyangwa icyuma cyiza cyuzuye hamwe no kwihitiramo neza kugirango ugabanye coeeffic no kugabanya kwambara. Kurwego rukora inganda, imashini zateguwe zikoreshwa kugirango icyuma kandi unyerera bihuye neza kandi uhagarike neza, kandi ubuso bufatwa neza, kandi ubuso buvurwa no kurekura imikorere yo kurinda. Gufata Inganda zumuyaga nkurugero, turbine yumuyaga yo hanze iri musumbayike, igihu cyumunyu mwinshi mu mazi maremare. Umubare munini wumunyu nubushuhe mu kirere ni ibyangombwa cyane. Muri icyo gihe, ubushyuhe bwo muri Fan Hub na kabine ihindagurika bugenda bukoreshwa cyane, kandi ibice bizunguruka biri gukorwa. Munsi yubu buryo bukaze, impeta yo kunyerera irashobora kurwanya neza ibiryo kandi ikomeza imirimo ihamye hamwe nibikoresho byiza kandi ikaze nikoranabuhanga rihamye kandi ryizewe kandi ryizewe kandi rikagabana cyane Kubungabunga inshuro no kugabanya ibiciro byo gukora. Urundi rugero ni ibikoresho bya periphel byitanura gushonga mu nganda za metero 22, yuzuye ubushyuhe bwinshi, umukungugu, na aside ikomeye na aside. Kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe no kurwanya ruswa kunyerera kunyerera bishoboza gukora muburyo bwo kuzunguruka, gupima ubushyuhe, kugirango bigenzure umusaruro mwinshi kandi ukomeza kuramba, kunoza kuramba muri rusange Ibikoresho, no kugabanya igihe cyatewe n'ibintu biterwa n'ibidukikije, bitanga inkunga ikomeye ku buryo bunoze kandi buhamye.
3. Isesengura ryumurima
3.1 Inganda
3.1.1 robot na robo yamaboko
Muburyo bwo kwikora inganda, ikoreshwa rya robo na robospare na robo ryahindutse imbaraga zingenzi zo gutwara ibinyabiziga no guhitamo imikorere yumusaruro, no kunyerera kunyerera bigira uruhare rudasanzwe muri yo. Ingingo za robo na robo nintoki nimwe yingenzi kugirango ugere ku rugendo rworoshye. Izi ngingo zikeneye kuzunguruka no kunama ubudahwema kugirango urangize imirimo y'ibikorwa bigoye kandi bitandukanye, nko gufata, gutunganya, no guterana. Impeta zitwara neza zishyizwe mubikorwa kandi birashobora gutandukira imbaraga no kugenzura ibimenyetso kuri moteri, sensor nibikoresho bitandukanye byo kugenzura mugihe ingingo zikurikirana zidakomeza kuzunguruka. Gufata inganda zikora automotive nkurugero, mumurongo utanga umusaruro wimodoka, ukuboko gukomeye gukenera neza kandi byihuse gusudira no guteranya ibice bitandukanye mumibiri. Kuzenguruka cyane ingingo zayo bisaba imbaraga zidahagarikwa no kohereza ibimenyetso. Impeta ya slip ikora neza iremeza neza ukuboko kwa robo mu buryo bugoye, kureba neza imikorere yo gusudira, kwemeza cyane urwego rwo gutangara, kunoza urwego rwo gukora umusaruro no gukora umusaruro wa Automobile. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, mu bijyanye n'inganda n'inganda zikoreshwa mu gutondekanya imizigo no gutondekanya imizigo ifatika kugira ngo ugere ku buryo bworoshye bwo kunyerera no guhubuka mu bikoresho no kwihuta ibikoresho, no kugabanya ibiciro by'ibikoresho.
3.1.2 Ibikoresho byumusaruro
Ku mirongo yumusaruro winganda, ibikoresho byinshi birimo ibice byuzura, kandi kunyerera kunyerera bitanga inkunga nyamukuru yo kubungabunga imikorere ikomeza yumurongo. Nkibikoresho bisanzwe byo gutunganya, ameza ya rotary arakoreshwa cyane mumirongo yumusaruro nkibipfunyika y'ibiryo no gukora ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Ikeneye kuzunguruka ubudahwema kugirango igere kumikorere myinshi, kwipimisha cyangwa gupakira ibicuruzwa. Impeta ya slip ikora iremeza ko ingufu zikomeje gutanga imbaraga mugihe cyo kuzunguruka ameza yo kuzunguruka, kandi neza ibimenyetso byo kugenzura ibiranga, umenya neza ibipimo ngenderwaho kubice kugirango habeho gukomeza kandi byukuri. Kurugero, kumurongo upakira ibiryo, imbonerahamwe izunguruka itwara ibicuruzwa kugirango yuzuze icyumba cyuzuye, akadomo, kurangiza ikindi gikorwa nibindi bikorwa. Imikorere ihamye yintambwe yo kunyerera yirinda igihe cyatewe no guhuza umurongo cyangwa guhagarika ibimenyetso, kandi biteza imbere ibipapuro byo gupakira imikorere no gutanga ibicuruzwa. Ibice bizunguruka nka rollers na sproket muri convoyeur nabyo nibisabwa kugirango ubone impeta ya slip igendanwa. Iremeza neza imbaraga za moteri, kugirango ibikoresho byumurongo bishoboke, bifatanya nibikoresho hejuru no kumanuka gufatanya, bitanga ingwate rusange yumusaruro munini winganda , kandi ni kimwe mu bice byingenzi byo gukora gukora bigezweho kugera ku musaruro unoze kandi uhamye.
3.2 Ingufu n'amashanyarazi
3.2.1 Turbine
Mu rwego rwamashanyarazi yumuyaga, impeta ya dip itwara ni hub urufunguzo kugirango harebwe imikorere ihamye nuburyo bukora neza imbaraga za turbine yumuyaga. Ubusanzwe turbine isanzwe igizwe na rotor yumuyaga, nacolles, iminara nibindi bice. Umuyaga uhuha ufata ingufu zamavu no gutwara generator muri nacelle kugirango uzunguze kandi utere amashanyarazi. Muri bo, hari icyerekezo kibosheje hagati ya Hub na Nacelle, kandi impeta yo kunyerera yashyizweho hano kugirango ikore umurimo wo kohereza imbaraga no kugenzura ibimenyetso. Ku ruhande rumwe, ibindi bindi byatanzwe na generator bishyikirizwa ihinduka muri nacelle binyuze mu mpeta ya slip, yahinduwe mububasha buhura nibisabwa bihuza kandi bigashyikirizwa injangwe; Kurundi ruhande, ibimenyetso bitandukanye bya sisitemu yo kugenzura, nkibimenyetso bya Blade, NaCalle Yaw kugenzura hamwe nibindi bimenyetso, bihindura neza ko umukoresha kugirango amenye neza ko umuyaga ahindura imiterere yacyo mugihe gikwiye ukurikije impinduka mu muvuduko wumuyaga no mubuyobozi bwumuyaga. Dukurikije amakuru yinganda, umuvuduko wa Blade wumuyaga wa Megawatt-School Umuyaga urashobora kugera ku mpinduramatwara 10-20 kumunota. Muburyo bwo kuzenguruka byihuta, impeta yo kunyerera, yemeza ko amasaha yububasha ya sisitemu yiyongera, kandi agabanya igihome cyo gutakaza imbaraga, kandi kigabanya gutakaza imbaraga ziterwa nubushobozi byatewe no kunanirwa kwanduza, bifite akamaro kanini kuri Guteza imbere grid nini yo guhuza imbaraga zisukuye no gufasha guhindura ingufu.
3.2.2 Ibisekuru bya 1.
Mu gisekuru c'isulanal na hydropowerume, impeta zanyu zitwara neza kandi zigira uruhare runini. Generator nini ya turbine ya Sitasiyo yubushyuhe itanga amashanyarazi ahindura rotor kumuvuduko mwinshi. Impeta ya Slip ikora muguhuza moteri rotor yahinduye hamwe numuzunguruko uhagaze hanze kugirango ugere ku byinjijwe mu buryo buhamye bwo kujijuka, shiraho umurima wa magneti uzunguruka, kandi urebe ko amashanyarazi asanzwe ya generator. Muri icyo gihe, muri gahunda yo kugenzura ibikoresho byabafasha nkabafana, abafana bashizwemo hamwe nizindi mashini zizunguruka, zihindura neza ibikoresho bigenzura, bitanga umusaruro wibipimo bya lisansi, guhumeka no gutandukana gushuka, no gukomeza umusaruro unoze wa generator yashyizweho. Ku bijyanye n'igisekuru cya hydrouwe, ku kwiruka ka turbine gazunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi munsi y'ingaruka z'amazi, utwara generator kugira ngo utanga amashanyarazi. Impeta ya Slip itwara neza yashyizwe kumurongo nyamukuru wa generator kugirango ikemure ibimenyetso byo kugenzura nkibisohoka imbaraga namabwiriza yihuta. Ubwoko butandukanye bwa sitasiyo ya hydropower, nkinyamanswa isanzwe hamwe nimbaraga zamashanyarazi zibikwa, zifite ibikoresho byo kunyerera ukurikije umuvuduko wibisekuru bya turbine nibitekerezo bitandukanye bya Hydrolepoers biturutse kumutwe no muri binini Genda ku mutwe mwinshi no gutemba gato, kwemeza ko amashanyarazi ahamye kandi atera imbaraga ububasha buhamye mu iterambere ry'imibereho n'ubukungu.
3.3 Umutekano wubwenge no gukurikirana
3.3.1 Kamera Yubwenge
Mu rwego rwo gukurikirana neza umutekano, kamera zubwenge zitanga inkunga yibanze ku ruziga ruzengurutse kandi nta-inguni zibafasha kumeneka mu icupa ryamashanyarazi no kwanduza amakuru. Kamera yubwenge mubisanzwe ikeneye kuzunguruka dogere 360 kugirango yagure umurima ukurikirana kandi ifata amashusho mubyerekezo byose. Ibi bisaba ko mugihe cyo kuzenguruka, gutanga amashanyarazi birashobora kuba byiza kugirango habeho imikorere isanzwe ya kamera, hamwe nibimenyetso bisobanuro byo murwego rwo hejuru hamwe namabwiriza yo kugenzura ashobora kwanduzwa mugihe nyacyo. Impeta zitwara abantu zinjijwe hamwe ningingo za kamera pan / impinga ya kamera, ibimenyetso bya videwo, hamwe nibimenyetso byo kugenzura, bigatuma kamera ihinduka ahantu hateganijwe no kunoza urwego rushinzwe gukurikirana kandi runoze neza. Muri sisitemu yo gukurikirana imijyi, Kamera Yubwenge Yubwenge ikoresha impeta zigenda zifata vuba kugirango ifate vuba kugirango ifate ihungabana no kurenga Mu bintu byakurikiranye umutekano bya parike n'abaturage, amarondo ya kamera ibidukikije mu byerekezo byose, atahura n'ibibazo bidasanzwe mu gihe kandi akomeza ubushobozi bwo kuburira umutekano, akomeza ubushobozi bwo kuburira umutekano, kandi akomeza umutekano mwiza.
3.3.2 Gahunda yo gukurikirana Radar
Sisitemu yo gukurikirana imipaka ibitugu mu rwego rwo kwirwanaho kwa gisirikare, iteganyagihe, iteganyagihe, n'ibindi Mu rwego rwo gufata iperereza rya Gisirikare, Imyenda yo kwirwanaho mu kirere, radarne, n'ibindi. Bakeneye gukomeza kuzenguruka Antenna gushakisha no gukurikirana intego zo mu kirere. Impeta igenda neza iremeza ko radar itangwa cyane nimbaraga zo kohereza, kwakira nibindi bigize mugihe cyimikorere yo kuzunguruka. Mugihe kimwe, intego yamenyekanye echo ibimenyetso byibimenyetso byashyikirijwe neza ikigo gitunganya ibimenyetso, zitanga ubwenge-busanzwe bwo gutegeka no gufasha kurengera umutekano wumuyaga. Kubijyanye n'iteganyagihe, ikirere cya radar kivuga ko imiraba ya elecromagnetic ku kirere binyuze mu guhinduranya ANTENA, yakira urusaku rw'ibiti na kaburimbo, no gusesengura ikirere. Kunyerera kunyerera biremeza imikorere ikomeza sisitemu ya radar, kandi igatanga ishami ryakusanyijwe mu gihe cyo gukumira nko gukumira no gukumira no kugabanya ibiza, no kuyobya abantu umusaruro nubuzima mumirima itandukanye.
3.4 Ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi
3.4.1 Ibikoresho byo Gutekereza
Mu rwego rwo kwisuzumisha kwa muganga, ibikoresho byo gutekereza ni umufasha ukomeye ku baganga kugira ubushishozi mu buryo imbere bw'umubiri w'umuntu kandi basuzugura neza indwara. Impeta zitwara abantu zitanga ingwate zingenzi kubikorwa byiza byibi bikoresho. Gufata CT (kubara tomografiya) na mri (magnetic resonance imaging) Ibikoresho nkurugero, hari ibice byumye imbere. Ikadiri yo gusikana ibikoresho bya CT ikeneye kuzunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi kugira ngo utware X-ray tube yo kuzenguruka umurwayi gukusanya amakuru y'ishusho atandukanye; Magnets, abapolisi ba gradient nibindi bice byibikoresho bya MRI nabyo bizunguruka mugihe cyo gutekereza kugirango utange neza imiterere ya magnetic. Impeta zitwara neza zishyizwe mubikorwa bizunguruka kugirango ugabanye amashanyarazi kugirango utware ibice bizunguruka kugirango ukore. Mugihe kimwe, umubare munini wamashusho yakusanyirijwe kuri sisitemu yo gutunganya mudasobwa mugihe nyacyo kugirango hamenyekane amashusho meza kandi yukuri, atanga abaganga bafite isuzuma ryizewe. Nk'uko ibitekerezo bivuye mu bikoresho by'ibitaro, impeta zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zigabanya neza ibihangano, guhagarika ibimenyetso n'ibindi bibazo mu bijyanye no gusuzuma indwara ya mbere, isuzuma ry'imiterere n'andi mahuza, kandi Rinda ubuzima bw'abarwayi.
3.4.2 Imashini zo kubaga
Nkumugaragaro-ihagarariye ikoranabuhanga ryikoranabuhanga mu kubagwa ubunini bwa kijyambere, robot zidasanzwe zirimo guhindura buhoro buhoro icyitegererezo cyo kubaga gakondo. Impeta zitwara abantu zitanga inkunga yibanze kugirango ishyirwa mubikorwa ryuzuye kandi neza. Amaboko ya robo yo kubaga robots yo kubaga kwigana intoki za muganga no gukora ibikorwa byoroshye mumwanya muto wo kubaga, nko gusunika, gukata no gutandukana. Aya maboko ya robo agomba kuzunguruka muburyo bwihuse bwubwisanzure bwubwisanzure. Impeta zitwara abantu zifatanije ku ngingo zikomeza gutanga amashanyarazi zihoraho, zemerera moteri yo gutwara neza ibimenyetso neza, mugihe watangije abaganga kumenya neza amakuru yo kubaga amakuru yurubuga mugihe nyacyo, kandi akamenyera Ubufatanye bwabantu-Imashini. Muri Neurosurgey, robot zo kubaga zikoresha imikorere ihamye yo kunyerera kugirango ugere kuri bike cyane mubwonko no kugabanya ibyago byo guhahamuka; Mu murima wo kubaga amagufwa, amaboko ya robo afasha mukurwanya prostate no gutunganya neza, kunoza uburangare, no guteza imbere kubagwa ibintu bidasanzwe kandi bifite ubwenge, bizana abarwayi uburambe bwo kwivuza hamwe na gato kandi byihuse gukira.
IV. Imiterere yisoko ninzira
4.1 Ingano yisoko no gukura
Mu myaka yashize, isoko ryisi yose itwara impeta yerekanye uburyo bwo gukura buhoraho. Dukurikije amakuru ava mu bigo by'ubushakashatsi ku isoko, ku isi ku isi igenda itwara abantu ku isi 6.35, kandi biteganijwe ko na 2028, ingano y'isoko ku isi izazamuka igera kuri miliyari 8 ugereranije n'umwaka ugereranyije igipimo cya 4.0%. Mu rwego rwo gukwirakwiza mu karere, akarere ka Aziya-Pasifika karimo umugabane munini w'isoko ku isi, kubara hafi 48.4% muri 2023. Ibi ahanini biterwa n'ikibazo gikomeye cy'Ubushinwa, Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo n'ibindi bihugu byo mu mirima yo gukora, Inganda zagaciro za elegitoronike, ingufu nshya, nibindi, kandi icyifuzo cyo kunyerera kunyerera gikomeje gukomera. Muri bo, mu Bushinwa, nk'urufatiro runini rw'isi, rwateye imbere ku isi mu kunyerera ku kunyerera ku kunyerera ku kunyerera hamwe n'iterambere ry'inganda nk'iterambere ry'inganda, umutekano w'inganda, n'ibikoresho bishya by'ingufu. Muri 2023, igipimo cyisoko ryumushinwa zitwara 5,6% kiziyongera nimyaka 5.6% yumwaka, kandi biteganijwe ko bizakomeza gukomeza kwiyongera cyane mugihe kizaza. Uburayi na Amerika ya ruguru nabyo ni amasoko y'ingenzi. Hamwe n'inganda zabo z'inganda zifata ingamba, zirangira cyane mu murima wa Aerospace, kandi zizamura Inganda zimodoka, zifata umugabane utari muto ku isoko 25% na 20%, kandi ingano y'isoko yahitanye buhoro, muri rusange kimwe no kwiyongera ku isoko ku isi. Biteganijwe ko iterambere ryihuse ry'ibikorwa remezo no kuvugurura inganda mu bukungu bw'inganda, nk'Ubuhinde na Berezile, isoko ry'imikurire rigenda ryerekana kandi iterambere rikuru.
4.2 Imiterere yo guhatana
Kugeza ubu, kunyerera ku isi igendanwa ku isi irushanwa cyane kandi hariho abitabiriye amahugurwa benshi. Amasosiyete yumutwe afite isoko ryinshi asangira tekiniki yabo yimbitse, ubushakashatsi bwateye imbere nubushobozi bwiterambere hamwe nubushobozi bwiterambere hamwe nimiyoboro yagutse yisoko. Ibihangange Mpuzamahanga nka Parker by'Amerika, Moog ya Amerika, Coogha w'Ubufaransa, Cobham wo mu Bufaransa, na Morgan w'Ubudage, na Morgan w'Ubudage, Yishingikirije ku Imbaraga zabo z'igihe kirekire nk'iyigoshejwe , gira ibicuruzwa byiza byibicuruzwa, kandi ufite ingaruka nini. Bari mumwanya wambere murwego rwo hejuru rwo kunyerera kunyerera. Ibicuruzwa byabo bikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byingenzi nka satelite, misile, hamwe nindege ziheruka, kandi wujuje ubuziranenge bwibipimo byinshi mubisabwa byingenzi kugirango bisobanurwe, kwizerwa, no kurwanya ibidukikije bikabije. Mugereranije, ibigo byo murugo nkikoranabuhanga rya Mofulon, Kaizhong Precision, Quanssheng, na quanshics electronics yateje imbere mumyaka yashize. Mugukomeza kongera ishoramari rya R & D, bageze kumaterabwoba mu ikoranabuhanga mu bice bimwe, kandi ibicuruzwa byabo bingana nibyiza kuba byagaragaye. Buhoro buhoro bafata umugabane wisoko kumasoko yo hasi n'amasoko yo hejuru, kandi buhoro buhoro yinjiye mu isoko ryinshi. Kurugero, mumasoko atandukanije nka robo yim Impeta yinganda no kwerekana amashusho yimbere murwego rwo gukurikirana umutekano, amasosiyete yo murugo yatsindiye abakiriya benshi baho na serivisi zabo zaho na ubushobozi bwo gusubiza vuba kubisabwa. Ariko, muri rusange, igihugu cyanjye cyo hejuru kirimo kunyerera kigifite urwego runaka rwo gutumiza, cyane cyane mubicuruzwa byisumbuye birimo ubushishozi bukabije, ultra-umuvuduko mwinshi, hamwe nibihe bikabije. Inzitizi za tekiniki zibihangange mpuzamahanga ni ndende, kandi ibigo byimbere mu rugo biracyakeneye gukomeza gufata kugirango wongere irushanwa ku isoko ryisi yose.
4.3 Inzira yo Guhanga mu ikoranabuhanga
Urebye ejo hazaza, umuvuduko wo guhanga uduce nkora ikoranabuhanga ku kunyerera kunyerera ni kwihuta, byerekana iterambere ryinshi. Ku ruhande rumwe, fibre optic spric tekinoroji yagaragaye. Hamwe no gukwirakwira kwikoranabuhanga ryiza ryiza mu bijyanye no kohereza amakuru, umubare w'ikimenyetso cyo kohereza ibimenyetso bisaba ko umurongo wo hejuru usaba amatako no kugabanuka kwiyongera, kandi fibre ya optique yagaragaye. Ikoresha ibisobanuro bya optique kugirango usimbuze ikwirakwizwa ryimigabane gakondo, twirinda neza kwivanga neza, kandi biteza imbere cyane igipimo cyo kwanduza nubushobozi. Buhoro buhoro uzamurwa mu ntera kandi ukoreshwa mu mirima nka sitasiyo ya 5G ya 5G ya Stante kuzunguruka, hamwe na Page-aerospace ibikoresho byiza byo kumva bifite ibisabwa byose ku buryo bwiza bwo kwerekana ibimenyetso no kohereza, kandi biteganijwe ko yatangaga muri Ibihe byitumanaho ryiza ryikoranabuhanga ryikoranabuhanga. Ku rundi ruhande, icyifuzo cyo kwihuta cyane kandi cyinshi-inshuro nyinshi zirakura. Mu mirima yo gukora imbere nka semiconductor ikoresha ibizamini bya Semiconductor, umuvuduko wibikoresho uhora wiyongera, kandi icyifuzo cyo kwanduza ibimenyetso byinshi byihutirwa. Ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere impeta zihuza umuvuduko mwinshi kandi mwinshi-uhamye ibimenyetso bihamye byahindutse urufunguzo. Muguhitamo brush no kunyerera ibikoresho no kunoza imiterere yuburyo, umubonano, kwambara no kwerekana uburyo bwo kuzunguruka hejuru-urwego rwibimenyetso . Byongeye kandi, impeta ya miniaturized nayo ni icyerekezo cyingenzi cyiterambere. Hamwe no kuzamuka kw'inganda nka interineti y'ibintu, ibikoresho byambaye ubusa, ibikoresho bya mikoro, icyifuzo cyo kunyerera kunyerera hamwe n'ubunini buke, gukoresha amashanyarazi menshi, kandi kwishyira hamwe kw'imikoreshereze, hamwe n'imikorere myinshi. Binyuze muri tekinoroji yo gutunganya micro-Nano hamwe no Gushyira mu bikorwa ibikoresho bishya, ingano yimpeta yagabanutse kuri milimeter cyangwa hamwe nimbaraga, hamwe nimbaraga, amakuru, hamwe no kugenzura ibimenyetso byibimenyetso byinjizwa kugirango utange imbaraga nimikoranire Inkunga y'ibikoresho by'ubunyabwenge bya micro-iteze imbere inganda zinyuranye no kugana miniaturisation n'ubwenge, kandi ukomeze kwagura imipaka yo kunyerera ku kunyerera kunyerera.
V. IMIGANIRO Z'INGENZI
5.1 Guhitamo Ibikoresho
Guhitamo ibikoresho byo kunyerera kunyerera ningirakamaro kandi bifitanye isano itaziguye nibikorwa byabo, ubuzima no kwizerwa. Ikeneye gufatwa nkishingiwe kubintu byinshi nkibikorwa byabimenyekana nibisabwa. Kubijyanye nibikoresho byo kuyobora, kunyerera mubisanzwe bikoresha ibyuma byagaciro nka burindari, ifeza, na zahabu, cyangwa yafashwe byihariye umuringa wumuringa. Kurugero, mubikoresho bya elegitoronike nibikoresho byubuvuzi bifite ishingiro ryibiciro byinshi nibisabwa. Kuri moteri yinganda hamwe nibikoresho byamashanyarazi hamwe nibice binini byubu, olpper yo mu kirere-isukuye kunyerera ntishobora kuzuza gusa ibisabwa-bitwara, ariko nanone bifite amafaranga agenzurwa. Brush ibikoresho byinshi bikoresha ibikoresho bishingiye ku gishushanyo hamwe nicyuma cyiza cyomekaho. Gukaraba ibishushanyo bifite kwihitiramo neza, bishobora kugabanya amafaranga yo guterana no kugabanya kwambara. Birakwiriye kubikoresho hamwe numuvuduko muke kandi wunvikana nyinshi zo koza igihome. Ibyuma by'icyuma (nka Palladium na Zahabu Boxy Brushes) bifite imyitwarire ikomeye no kurwanya ituro rito. Bakunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bwihuse, uburangare bukabije - busaba ibihe byiza by'ibitabo by'ibikoresho bya Aeropace hamwe n'uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa bya fecinonductor. Ibikoresho byo kwirinda ntibigomba kwirengagizwa. Mubisanzwe birimo polytetrafrouorouoRylene (ptfe) na epoxy resin. PTFe ifite imikorere myiza yo kwishyurwa, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, hamwe nibikorwa bikomeye bya chimique. Byakoreshejwe cyane mu mpeta zitwara abantu kuzunguruka imiti izunguruka hamwe nibikoresho byubushakashatsi bwimbitse mu bushyuhe bwizewe hamwe na aside hamwe na Alike. Kubuza kunanirwa kw'umuzunguruko, no kureba neza imikorere y'ibikoresho.
5.2 Kubungabunga no gusimbuza brush
Nkigice cyingenzi cyibasiwe nimpeta yinyuguti ziyobora, kubungabunga buri gihe no gusimbuza mugihe b brush igendanwa bifite akamaro keza kugirango ibikoresho bisanzwe biboneye. Kubera ko brush izambara buhoro buhoro kandi itanga umukungugu mugihe cyo gukomeza guterana amagambo akomeza, haziho ingaruka zo kohereza, ndetse no gutera ibishishwa, guhagarika ibimenyetso, bityo uburyo bwo kubungabunga, bityo uburyo bwo kubungabunga, bityo uburyo bwo kubungabunga, bityo uburyo bwo kubungabunga, bityo uburyo bwo kubungabunga, bityo uburyo bwo kubungabunga, bityo uburyo bwo kubungabunga ibimenyetso yashizweho. Muri rusange, bitewe nibikoresho byibikoresho byinnshity hamwe nibidukikije, ejobundi makuru kuva ibyumweru byinshi kugeza mu mezi menshi. Kurugero, impeta zitwara abantu mubikoresho byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro hamwe nibikoresho byo gutunganya metallurcial hamwe numwanda wumukungugu ukabije ushobora gukenera kugenzurwa no kubungabunga buri cyumweru; Mugihe impeta zoherejwe mubikoresho hamwe nibidukikije byo murugo nibikorwa bihamye birashobora kugera kumezi menshi. Mugihe cyo kubungabunga, ibikoresho bigomba gufungwa mbere, kunyerera kunyerera bigomba gucibwa, nibikoresho bidasanzwe byogusukura hamwe na reagent bigomba gukoreshwa mugukuraho umukungugu namavuta hejuru kugirango wirinde kwangiza ubuso bwa chushanya. Mugihe kimwe, reba igitutu cya elastike ya brush kugirango ikemure neza hamwe nimpeta yinyerera. Umuvuduko ukabije urashobora kongera kwambara, kandi igitutu gito cyane gishobora gutera umukene mubi. Iyo brush yambaye kuri kimwe cya gatatu kugeza kimwe cya kabiri cyuburebure bwambere, igomba gusimburwa. Iyo usimbuze brush, menya neza gukoresha ibicuruzwa bihuye nibisobanuro byumwimerere, icyitegererezo, nibikoresho kugirango hamenyekane neza. Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, kurwanya itumanaho hamwe nimikorere yimibonano bigomba gusuzumwa kugirango birinde ibikoresho byatsinzwe no guhagarika ibikoresho byo guswera bitewe no koza ibibazo, no kugenzura imikorere yo gukora neza.
5.3 Ikizamini cyo kwizerwa
Kugirango umenye neza ko kunyerera kunyerera bikora neza kandi byizewe muburyo bugoye kandi bukomeye, bwiganje cyane, kwipimisha byimazeyo ni ngombwa. Kwipimisha kwa Kurwanya ni umushinga wibanze ugerageza. Binyuze mu gupima neza ibikoresho byo kurwanya ibikoresho, kurwanya umubonano kuri buri nzira y'impeta zipimirwa mu bihe bitandukanye byakazi bihamye kandi bifite imbaraga. Agaciro ko kurwanya usabwa guhagarara no guhuza ibishushanyo mbonera, hamwe nurwego ruto cyane. Kurugero, kunyerera bikoreshwa mubikoresho bya elegisiti ya elegisiti, impinduka zikomeye muguhangana zizatera amakosa yamakuru yikizamini, bigira ingaruka kubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Ikizamini cya voltage kigereranya ihuriro ryinshi-voltage kugirango ibikoresho bishoboke mugihe cyo gukora. Ikizamini cya voltage inshuro nyinshi voltage yagenzuwe kumurongo wigihe runaka kugirango ugerageze niba ibikoresho byo kwigana hamwe nibisobanuro bigufi byatewe no gukoresha birenzeho, kandi Kugenzura umutekano w'abakozi n'ibikoresho. Ibi birakomeye cyane mugupima impeta zigendanwa zishyigikira sisitemu yamashanyarazi hamwe nibikoresho byamazi maremare. Mu murima wa Aerospace, impeta zitwara ibitego hamwe nicyogahorangirire zikeneye ibizamini byuzuye, vacuum, hamwe nibidukikije byo kwizerwa mubidukikije bya cosmic hamwe nubupfura; Impeta zinyerera zikora imirongo yumusaruro winyuma ikorwa murwego rwo gukora ndende, kwigana ibihumbi byinshi, bigana ibihumbi icumi cyangwa ibihumbi byinshi byo kuzunguruka kugirango bagenzure kwambara no gushikama, gushyira urufatiro rukomeye ku musaruro munini, umusaruro udahagarikwa. Ingaruka zose zishingiye ku byiringiro zishobora gutera igihombo kinini n'umutekano. Kwipimisha cyane numurongo wingenzi wo kwirwanaho kugirango wizere neza.
Vi. Umwanzuro no Kubona
Nkibintu byingenzi byingenzi muri sisitemu ya electromencal ya electromecal, impeta zifatika zigira uruhare runini mumirima myinshi nkiterambere ryinganda, ingufu nimbaraga, umutekano, hamwe nibikoresho byubuvuzi. Hamwe nibishushanyo mbonera byihariye nibikorwa byiza byimikorere, byacitse mu icupa ry'imbaraga no kwanduza ibimenyetso by'ibikoresho bitandukanye, kandi byateje imbere imikorere ihamye ya sisitemu zitandukanye, kandi byateje imbere imikorere ihamye ya sisitemu zitandukanye, kandi ateza imbere iterambere ryikoranabuhanga hamwe no kuzamura inganda no kuzamura inganda mu nganda.
Kuva ku isoko, kunyerera ku isi ku isi igenda yiyongera cyane, hamwe n'akarere ka Aziya-Pasifika kuba imbaraga nyamukuru ziterambere. Ubushinwa bwateye imbere mu buryo bukomeye mu iterambere ry'inganda hamwe na shingiro rinini ry'inganda zikoreshwa ndetse no kuzamuka kw'inganda zigaragara. Nubwo amarushanwa akaze, amasosiyete yo mu rugo n'amahanga yerekanaga ubuhanga bwabo mu bice bitandukanye by'isoko, ariko ibicuruzwa byo hejuru biracyaganjemo ibihangange mpuzamahanga. Amasosiyete yo mu rugo arimo kubahiriza imbere muburyo bwo kugenda bugana iterambere ryanyuma kandi buhoro buhoro agabanuka.
Urebye ejo hazaza, hamwe no guhora dukurikirana yubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga, ikoranabuhanga ritwara abantu ritwara abantu rizashobora mu isi yagutse. Ku ruhande rumwe, guca ikoranabuhanga nka fibre rya fibre kunyerera, kunyerera-kunyerera-kunyerera kunyerera ku muvuduko mwinshi, hazamurika kunyerera ku muvuduko mwinshi, hazamurwa imiti miremire, kandi miniturotion mu nzego zigaragara nk'itumanaho rya 5G, inganda zo gukora semiconductor, na enterineti y'ibintu, no kwagura imipaka ya porogaramu; Kurundi ruhande, kwishyira hamwe kwambukiranya no guhanga udushya bizahinduka icyerekezo, bifatanije cyane nubushakashatsi bubi, hamwe nikoranabuhanga rishya, no guhuza nibidukikije, bitanga inkunga nyamukuru Kugabanya ubushakashatsi nka aerospace, ubushakashatsi bwimbitse-bwinyanja, hamwe no kubara kwa Quamit, kandi ubudahwema imbaraga Urusobe rwibinyabuzima
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jan-08-2025