Impeta zikozwe mu buryo bwa "slip rings", ibyo bice by'ingenzi kandi by'ingenzi mu rwego rwa mekanike n'amashanyarazi, biza mu byiciro bitandukanye, buri kimwe gifite imiterere yacyo yihariye n'imikorere y'ingenzi. Reka tubisuzume birambuye dufite amarangamutima y'umwuga kandi turebere hamwe isano ikomeye hagati y'ibintu bitandukanye.
Byashyizwe mu byiciro hakurikijwe imiterere
Impeta Zinyura mu Myobo: Izi ni nk'amarembo afunguye mu isi y'impeta zinyuramo. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umwobo hagati si imiterere gusa ahubwo ni irembo rigana ku guhuza neza n'imirongo izenguruka. Ni igishushanyo mbonera gitanga uburyo bworoshye budasanzwe mu mikoreshereze aho igice kizenguruka kigomba kunyuramo, nko mu ngendo zoroshye kandi zinoze z'amaboko ya roboti cyangwa ubuhanga buhanitse bw'ibikoresho byo gufata amashusho mu buvuzi. Iki gishushanyo cyoroshya imiterere y'imashini, bigatuma inzira yo guteranya irushaho kuba nziza kandi ikagira imikoranire myiza hagati y'ibice bitandukanye. Ariko, umurambararo w'umwobo unyuramo ugomba guhuzwa neza n'ingano y'umugozi. Iyo ari munini cyane, bishobora gutera kudahuza no kugorana; iyo ari muto cyane, bishobora guteza ingorane mu gushyiraho no kwangiza ibice.
Impeta zo Kunyerera za Pancake: Tekereza izi nk'ibitangaza byiza kandi bitanga umwanya uhagije. Imiterere yazo isa na disiki ni ingirakamaro mu mikoreshereze aho umwanya ari uw'ingenzi. Mu isi ya antene za satelite, aho buri santimetero y'umwanya ari ingenzi mu kirere gifungiranye cya satelite, impeta zo kunyerera za pancake zikwirakwira neza, bigatuma habaho kuzunguruka neza no kohereza ibimenyetso bidafata umwanya munini. Mu bikoresho bito, ni intwari zitagira icyo zivuga zituma imikorere yazo iba myiza mu gipfunyika gito. Ariko imiterere yazo nto kandi bivuze ko igishushanyo kigomba kuba gisobanutse neza kugira ngo gihuze ibisabwa mu mikorere y'amashanyarazi no kudahungabana kwa mekanike. Ubunini bw'ibice biyobora amashanyarazi n'ibikoresho byo gukingira bigomba kunozwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko amashanyarazi yangirika n'ubushyuhe bwiyongera, mugihe bikomeza imbaraga zikenewe za mekanike kugira ngo bihangane n'ubushyuhe bukabije.
Byashyizwe mu byiciro hakurikijwe Transmission Medium
Impeta z'amashanyarazi zitembera: Izi ni zo ngufu n'ibikoresho by'ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bitanga umusaruro mwiza cyane. Ni zo mbaraga z'inganda n'ubucuruzi bwinshi, zishinzwe kohereza imbaraga z'amashanyarazi n'ibimenyetso byinshi. Kuva ku miyoboro mito cyane itwara ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga mu isaha kugeza ku ngufu nyinshi zisabwa n'inganda zikomeye nka moteri nini mu nganda zikora, impeta z'amashanyarazi zitembera zikora byose. Umubare w'imiyoboro mu mpeta y'amashanyarazi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kigena uburyo ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Imiyoboro myinshi bivuze ubushobozi bwo kohereza ibimenyetso byinshi by'amashanyarazi cyangwa imirongo y'amashanyarazi icyarimwe, ibi bikaba ari ingenzi mu buryo bugoye aho sensor nyinshi na actuators zigomba kuvugana no gukorana mu buryo buhuje. Ariko, hamwe n'imiyoboro myinshi haza ikibazo cyo gucunga uburyo amashanyarazi abangamirana no kwemeza ko buri kimenyetso gihamye. Imiterere n'uburyo bwo gukingira imiyoboro bigomba gutegurwa neza kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho kwangirika kw'ibimenyetso no kwangirika kw'ibimenyetso.
Impeta Zitemba Amata: Akenshi zirengagizwa ariko zifite akamaro kanini mu nganda runaka, impeta zitemba amata ni intwari zitavugwa mu kohereza amazi. Mu nganda zitunganya imiti, ni zo ngirabuzimafatizo z'ingenzi zituma amazi n'imyuka bigenda neza hagati y'ibice bihoraho n'ibizunguruka. Byaba ari ugutanga ibikoresho bihindura umwuka mu gikoresho kizunguruka cyangwa guterura amazi akonjesha binyuze mu bikoresho bigoye bizunguruka, impeta zitemba amata zigira uruhare runini. Impeta zitemba amata zigira uruhare runini. Zigomba kuba zikozwe mu bikoresho bikwiye kugira ngo zihangane n'ingaruka mbi z'amazi atandukanye. Urugero, iyo ukoresheje imiti ikaze, ibikoresho nka PTFE ni byo bikunze gukoreshwa. Kunanirwa kw'impeta bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi, harimo no kuva amazi atari ugupfusha ubusa amazi y'agaciro gusa ahubwo binateza ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije no ku mutekano, kandi bishobora gutuma ibikoresho bihenze bihagarara.
Byashyizwe mu byiciro hakurikijwe imikorere
Impeta Zinyerera ku Ingufu: Izi ni zo mashini zikoreshwa mu kohereza ingufu. Zakozwe kugira ngo zikore neza cyane, bigatuma ziba inkingi y'ikoreshwa aho icy'ingenzi ari ugukoresha igikoresho kizunguruka. Mu isi ya moteri z'amashanyarazi, impeta zinyerera ku Ingufu gusa ni zo zijyana ingufu z'amashanyarazi kuva ku isoko y'amashanyarazi zijya ku mashini izunguruka, bigatuma moteri ikora neza. Imiterere y'izi mpeta zinyerera yibanda ku kugabanya imbaraga zidashobora gutakaza ingufu no gutanga ubushyuhe. Impeta nini zifite umurambararo n'uburoso bwiza cyane bikoreshwa mu gutwara imizigo iremereye y'amashanyarazi. Ariko si ugukoresha amazi ahamye gusa; zigomba kandi kwihanganira kwiyongera kw'ingufu z'igihe gito bibaho mu gihe moteri itangiye gukora no mu yindi mirimo ihinduka. Iyo zitakozwe neza, uku kwiyongera gushobora gutera ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwangirika vuba kw'ibice by'impeta zinyerera.
Impeta zo Kunyerera ku Ijwi gusa: Mu rwego rw'itumanaho no kugenzura neza, impeta zo Kunyerera ku Ijwi gusa ni zo ntumwa zoroshye. Zishinzwe kohereza ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibimenyetso, kuva ku bimenyetso bya analogi byoroshye mu bikoresho by'amajwi kugeza ku bimenyetso byihuse bya digitale mu buryo bugezweho bwo gutumanaho amakuru ndetse n'ibimenyetso bikomeye byo hejuru mu bikorwa bya radar. Kubungabunga ubuziranenge bw'ibimenyetso ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi kuri izi mpeta zo Kunyerera. Igishushanyo kigomba kuba ubuhanga buhanitse mu buhanga, gikoresha ubuhanga buhanitse bwo kurinda ibimenyetso akajagari k'ihungabana ry'amashanyarazi yo hanze. Umubare w'imiyoboro y'ibimenyetso n'ubushobozi bwo gucunga ibimenyetso, nk'igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru ku bimenyetso bya digitale, ni ibipimo by'ingenzi bigaragaza ko bikwiye gukoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye. Gukosa gato mu kubara cyangwa guhitamo nabi mu miterere bishobora gutera guhindagurika kw'ibimenyetso n'amakosa, bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi mu bikorwa nko mu itumanaho ry'indege no gusuzuma indwara.
Impeta z'Ingufu n'Izimyaniko: Izi ni zo mpande zikora imirimo myinshi mu muryango w'impeta z'ingufu. Ni icyitegererezo cy'uburyo butandukanye, cyagenewe kohereza imbaraga z'amashanyarazi ndetse n'uburyo bwiza bw'amajwi menshi icyarimwe. Mu isi igoye cyane kandi ihujwe y'imikorere y'inganda zigezweho, impeta z'ingufu n'izimyaniko ni ingenzi. Zikoresha ibyuma bizenguruka mu mpande za roboti mu gihe zinakora nk'imiyoboro y'itumanaho ry'ibimenyetso byo kugenzura, amakuru ya sensor, n'ibimenyetso byo gusubiza. Imiterere y'izi mpeta z'ingufu ni igikorwa cyo kuringaniza neza. Zigomba kugira igice gikomeye cyo kohereza ingufu kugira ngo zikore neza umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi n'igice cyo kohereza ibimenyetso kugira ngo hamenyekane ko ibimenyetso ari inyangamugayo. Ibikoresho byihariye byo gukingira bikoreshwa mu gushyiraho uruzitiro hagati y'ingufu n'imyaniko, bikabuza ingufu kubangamira ibimenyetso n'ibindi. Impungenge iyo ari yo yose muri ubu buryo bwo gukingira ishobora gutuma sisitemu ihungabana mu mikorere yayo.
Mu gusoza, isi y’impeta zizunguruka ni iy’ubwoko butandukanye kandi igoye, aho buri cyiciro gitanga ibisubizo byihariye ku bibazo byinshi by’ubwubatsi. Gusobanukirwa ibi byiciro n’isano rito riri hagati y’imikorere yabyo n’ikoreshwa ryabyo si ikibazo cy’ubumenyi bwa tekiniki gusa ahubwo ni urufunguzo rwo gufungura ubushobozi bwose bw’imikorere y’amashanyarazi n’imashini. Ni ahantu heza, guhanga udushya, no gusobanukirwa neza amahame y’ingenzi ari byo by’ingenzi mu gutsinda.